‘spoken and taught by God.’ ”9 Origen described Christian doctrines as dogmata theou (Comm. Matt. 12:23), while for Aquinas, the articles of faith were an essential presupposition to theological reflection (ST I, q. 1, a. 2). In fact, for Aquinas, the assent of faith is the most certain of all the intellectual virtues, even though lacking in evidence, because its source is God himself (ST II–II q. 4, a. 3). Linking this explicitly with dogma’s claim to universality, Pannenberg says, “Dogmatics has
Page 4